Headline Posters in my Area.

As i am planning to create part of a local newspaper and by local i mean the area that i live in, i have decided to go round my local city of Norwich to see if i can spot any. I have taken a few photos and have shown and recorded where they are set - meaning where on the pavements, and who is going to walk past them.

This is a poster i found while walking in my local shopping mall. It is faced towards the people going into the mall, therefore the newspaper headlining this story must be sold in the mall - people will instantly see the story and want to go buy the newspaper. This is also the main entrance into the mall so the most people will be entering it this way. This is a very cheap and effective way of advertising a newspaper. I also think that using the phrase 'Newsflash' to attract attention makes the passers by believe that they are the first ones to be told the story.

As there are so many passers by, it is a good chance for the newspaper to advertise their name to a lot of people at once.

Even though this may have been approved by the mall to be stuck up there, it is simple and easy to be put up without the sandwich board. It is illegal to put a poster up in public so the Mall, the newspaper and where the newspaper is sold have all worked together to sell the most newspapers using this poster.

Overall

I am planning for my newspaper to be put into a sandwich board so that it can be shown on the street but this has given me an insight into how easy it is to put posters up anywhere. Anywhere where you believe the most people are going to go, be aware of your brand and where you've got permission to put them up (so they don't get ripped down and you go to court).

How Can i Produce my Newspaper Poster?

To figure this out I'm going to research how the professionals do it, and depending on what technologies/facilities i have, if i can do it the same way they do - it will make it look more legitimate and professional.


Professionals make these posters with a template, as most of them are of a similar design so they are more unidentifiable as a newspaper breaking-news headline. Using a template makes it so the story is quick to produce and then quick to put on show - every newspaper wants the first exclusive of a story.
When the posters are completed and printed, they are sent to the newsagents (etc) with the papers for them to put them in their sandwich boards if they choose.


My Poster


I have decided that the easiest way to create my poster is to make it on photoshop. This way i can make the poster bigger if i printed it on A3 paper. I was going to do a collage but found that the finished product wouldn't look so professional and sharp.


Even though i haven't even thought about the headlines subject, i have decided to do a few practice ones from existing examples. With the use of the examples, i have thought out my own headlines and furthered it to end with finished posters.


I haven't even thought of what my newspaper is going to be called because i need to think more about it as i want to create the right message. However, even though this is the case, i have still made my own poster:

Here are a few of the posters i have made for practice using photoshop:

This is the first version of the poster that i made. The newspapers name is made up and so is the headline. I like the font, but the letters could be made taller. i was also going to put a golden star next to 'Evening Star' but photoshop didnt let me.

This is the print screen of my edited poster which i then superemposed onto an existing photo (above). This gave me the basic idea to what a poster would look like and how it can be done. This also gave me a chance to experiement with some fonts.

Adverts in Newspapers.

I have looked on the internet using Google and have found a really helpful website which has pages of different newspaper adverts for different products:

http://www.newspaperadsonline.co.uk/

After a bit of research i found that this website is for newspapers to look at if they are looking for adverts to go into their newspaper, in order to fund it. What advert they choose depends greatly on thier newspapers audience, the look of the paper and what they respresent as a newspaper.

I am planning to have various adverts in my newspaper as because it is local, would need all the funding it can get. Local newspapers struggle against national. I dont think i will make my own advert, but i will probably use a real one which already exists if i am able to get the rights to it.

My intended audience is educated adults, therefore i have to make sure i use adverts which they would have an interest in. Putting the right adverts in the paper so a certain audience can see is mainly beneficial to the adverts owners - people arent likely to buy a newspaper solely because of an advert. Putting adverts in the newspaper in general will benefit my newspaper as i get extra funding.

Analysing adverts in newspapers

I have looked at some existing newspaper adverts in a national newspaper and a local newspaper - The Daily Express and Norwich Evening News. I wanted to do this because i am planning myself to put adverts in my newspaper.

Eventhough the Daily Express is a tabloid newspaper featuring celebrities and the media, i wanted to analyse the adverts in it because it is a middle market newspaper - a newspaper who cater to readers who want some entertainment value from their newspaper, but also want some sufficient news and coverage on the lastest events.

As our world is surrounded by celebrities and the media spotlight, we all have opinions on it and all are affected by it, so, i believe that educated adults would till want to read about what is happening in the celebrity world, we cannot assume that educated adults arent young.

The other newspaper: Norwich Evening News is a local newspaper which is the best selling newspaper in Norwich. I did e-mail the Norwich Evening News asking what the demographics of their newspaper was but i havent yet heard a reply and i dont think i will. But what i do know about their audience is that they are proud to read a local newspaper, want to know what effects them and comes from all walks of life.

One newspaper defintley has an educated and modern audience, whereas Norwich Evening News has a very wide spread, diverse audience.

I am only making two pages of a local newspaper, so i have decided that my research into adverts shouldnt go beyond the first two pages. So, here are the adverts i found in the newspapers, where i found them and who they are intended for:

Norwich Evening News

As you can see, this pink jewllery advert on the front of the newspaper is primarily aimed at women, however, men could be attracted to it if they want to buy a woman a pience of jewllery. I also noticed that there is an advert on an article, page 5, talking about a £50,000 raid on a jewllers. This advert could have been purposely placed near this 'article advert' because they would both attract the same audience, therefore creating more of an interest in both the article and the jewllery advert.

There is a smaller orange advert advertising a injury claims company. The advert is very vague, but as it is a rheticical question the viewer i quick to react to it - either calling up or not. I think the placement of the advert is effective with it being near the big newspaper's name. It shows that adverts do not have to be explanative, and that being vague/mysterious could make people want to find out who they are, or in this case, call the number. I dont think this advert aims at any audience demographic in particular, but asks everybody if they have been injured.

There are even websites being advertised, but websites which link to the evening news' main page, therefore they are creating interest for themselves. the newspaper has the final say as to what adverts are going into the newspaper, therefore they can get their name anywhere they want. I also think that placing a website somewhere makes people take action, investigate and get them invoved, therefore creating more of an interest around that newspaper.

This newspaper's intendent audience is local people around Norwich who are proud of where they come from and come from all walks of life. This is definatley supported by the vast variety of adverts for all different types of people.

There are a lot of adverts on the second page of the newspaper which have a fairly similar audiece demographics. I am quite suprised by this as the article it is next to is about the older generation, but i do understand that this is a very technology-based world now and newspapers need to keep up to date in order to carry on gaining audiences.

Once again there is a contact number for Norwich Evening News at the top left (half cut off and in yellow writing!) and an e-mail address. this lets the audience know that they can be involved in the newspaper if they wish anf that there is always a time to contact them.

The advert underneath it is about how to contact the evening news again, however this time, it involves the audience who are up-to-date with technology and know how to use scan codes. The idea of scan codes is that with your phone you 'scan' the code and it will take you directly to the evening news website. I think this is very clever as it lets the audience get involved and also benefits the newspaper because they get more views on their website and therefore get their name more well-known. This also gives the audience who are scanning, a quicker and easier short cut so they are more likely to go on the website.

Underneath that advert isnt another advert, its a poll. However, underneath that poll s an advert with a rhetorical question and links to the Norwich Evening News' website. This gives the website more views if they advertise it in their paper (it is also free for them!), eventhough they do not profit from website views (unless they get adverts on their websites).

There is also an advert for a website which offers a discount voucher for a resturant. I think this is a universal kind of advert because everybody likes a discount, everybody eats, therefore everybody would be interested in the advert. It is quite small so may not be as visable as some of the bright, bigger and bolder ads.

I think it is very clever of the Norwich Evening news to advertise their Facebook page and their Twitter page in their paper as most people have computers nowadays and is involved in a social networking site. The advert is an instruction to go on the websites, an order.

The idea that Norwich Evening News has advertised their website so much ony benefits them isnt true. The audience who then go onto the website gets to have VERY up-to-date news coverage 24/7 for free.

Daily Express


On the front page of this newspaper there are no company advertisements. The only thing that i am really call 'advertsing' is the article about the 'teen idol Justin Bieber'. The title of this article is almost advertising the article and states which mage in the newspaper it is on. This is a tabloid, and also a middle-maket newspaper therefore audienes of this newspaper will want to read about the shocking claims. However, the idea that a headline 'advertises' a story does make sense to me because the headline is the first thing you read, therefore if you arent impressed with the headline, you wont read the story - that is why headlines are very often sensationalised. It is meantioned where you can read the story if you like the headline, it is convienient for the audience so they can go straight to that page.

On the next page (printed in black and white) there is only one advert (bottom-left): It states a number to call for more information on the weather. This has been placed perfectly under informaiton on the weather forcast as if you didnt get the information you wanted, then you can call up. This advert isnt aimed at anyone in particular as everybodylikes to know what the weather forcast is.

I did want to find out how much a company pays to have their advert in a newspaper, however, this information wasnt available. I think this is because it is a contracted agreement which wouldnt be disclosed to the public. Im guessing that if the company has fully faith in their advert then they would be willing to invest in it.

I have done a table which states the positive and negative aspects of a company putting an advert in a newspaper, whether that is a local one, or a national one. I then scanned and uploaded it:

In conclusion, i have decided to apply adverts to my newspaper because the..............a local newspaper has more adverts because it needs the funding as not as many people buy them. a national newspaper doesnt need as much as they get most of their profit through sales.

What Are The Possibilities For My Radio Advert?

I have been thinking about what i could do for my radio advert, what the script will be like and what i need to do to attract my audience. I have also thought about how i could produce it - using a computer? Special voice recorder etc? I have taken into account that i may have to cut the recorded voice around so it would make sense to record it on the computer.

In order to attract adults, i have decided right from the start not to make it humorous, because more than likely they will not find it funny. It is a risk i am not willing to take. I'm not going to make it fully serious though, as i believe my target audience aren't, i would want to make it upbeat and positive. This is the way i could gain the most audience.

I have also decided from the beginning of the process of making my radio advert that i am going to advertise my newspaper as a whole, not just my headline. This is because the advert could then be used frequently, not just for the day that the headline is on the front page. This means i would get more for money and have more of an effect.

A Newspaper Radio Advert and its Audience.

When i think about a radio advert, many questions come to mind:


how do they listen. have i done a post of this before? do they actually listen to what the radio says. are they affective - do they bring more sales and awareness?

Distribution and Exibition of a Radio Advert.

Radio adverts are pre-recorded so they can be played and played again on the radio and are usually kept on the radio stations data-base. I have found a bit of info on the distribution and exhibition of radio adverts:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_advertisement

Distribution of radio adverts

In order to get the radio advert 'out there', the process of selling the advert to the radio station is important. This is where the cash arrangements are made and the slot of when it is to be played. I found a really good company who get your radio advert on the air for you. They basically are your personal organisers for planning and furthering your advert.

Here is the website of the company i found:

http://www.radioworks.co.uk/our-vision

Using a company to do this for you can make your company seem more serious and safer to do business with from the radio stations point of view.

I have seen that with research, businesses usually employ their companies to do the work. This is so that the job is done well and they can simply check to see if it is good or not before airing it on the radio - it is an overall safer and more effective option.

I know that this would probably be in the production section, but i found a video which shows a radio advert being recorded professionally:




The main rules when making a radio advert:

• A business cannot mention another business on their advert
• Most defiantly no swearing there never is on any radio show at certain times. This would also make the business look bad.
• No false advertising - http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/False+Advertising

Exhibition of radio adverts

This basically means when it is put on the radio. I have said the most important information in the distribution section.I cant really write much in this section as it is basically about the audience reactions to it.

The audience of a radio advert isn't likely to turn over their favourite station due to an advert - only if it is really annoying - therefore telling me that i cannot let my radio advert be irritating!

I haven't yet planned when i am definetly going to do for my advert yet, but i will take into consideration the fact that i need to keep the audience hooked and interested, but it cannot be boring. Nobody would buy a boring newspaper.

Production of a Radio Advert.

There are many stages of making a radio advert, one which hooks the audience and creates sales. Adverts for products often have a catchy song meaning that the listener will end up singing it throughout the day and remember the product.

Here is a website i found which tells us the 10 key things to include in a radio advert.
http://www.strategicmediainc.com/radio-advertising-articles/the_top_ten_keys_to_creating_great_radio_ads.html

Here are the stages i have researched declaring the process of making a radio advertisement:

1. Writing the script
This is usually done by the company themselves so they can control what information is told to the listener. There is a lot of thought going into this because they only really have one chance to record it. It is either a hit or miss when making an advert to sell, so it must be right. Professional advice may be used just to make sure. A song may be written in this stage also.
2. Contacting Trading Standards etc
This company may not be used, and when not, if the radio advert went on air and was false selling or not getting the right point across Trading Standards might have to take the advert off. It is better to check if the advert is okay before you pay or it to be put on the radio.
3. Finding somewhere to record it
This will probably be done in a studio, but may be done very informally with help from the radio station themselves. A voice may be hired so it counds right, and if a song is involved, a music producer may be worked with in order to get the sound right.
4. Getting it on the air 
The company whose advert it is have to pay to have it on there. They may say a time slot which they would like the advert to be heard, which links to the audience they want to attract.

Overall, a newspaper may employ people to do all of the work for them, but this would raise the cost of makin the advert, however it would make sure that it is the right advert to sell as many newspapers as possible.


My Newspaper Advert


I have been thinking greatly about my radio advert and how i will make it. I am planning to write the script and recording the advert myself but with somebody elses voice. I have to make sure the voice i choose will attract my audience of educated adults.

I found from other research that i did that older people listen to local radio stations and younger ones listen to the more up to date radio stations, depending greatly on the type of music broadcasted.


With the use of my questionnaire (where most people were between the ages of 17-25 or over the age of 50) i found that most people listen to national radio stations, therefore couldnt listen to my radio advert. But they do listen to the radio in the car, which would give them lots of time to listen to my radio advert.

I knew that i needed to find a way which i could broadcast an effective radio advert to a wide audience and for them to stay interested. Here is the 'big' idea that i came up with:

Broadcast my radio advert on a local radio station, frequently, and while most people are going to and from work. Also, the radio advert itself must be fast, to the point and interesting in order for my target market not to have time to turn the station over. If i were to actually broadcast my advert, it would be on most of the most popular radio stations in the area in order to gain a wide audience. Having my advert on just one radio station wouldnt bring me much of an audience, therefore wouldnt be effective advertising.

Here is my questionnaires results which i decided to post again to show that i have looked back at it:

Questionnaire Results Charts and Analysis

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The Exibition of Newspapers.

I wanted to do a post of how newspapers are shown to be sold. I find this quite interesting as there is a reason for everything. Here i took this photo of newspapers being advertised to sell on either side of the newsagents door. This is so the newspapers themselves can work as a advertisement, the person going into the shop cannot miss them and they are easy to get. They are folded in half with the news papers title showing so that they are more steady and more newspapers can be on show.

Inside a newsagents, newspapers are most likely to be laying on the bottom shelf where the magazines are sold. This is because they are too flimsy to stand up and they can be piled up high, so the most can be sold (especially if a daily newspaper).

If a newspaper was to be sold on the streets, via little transportable 'vans', the newspapers would most likely be piled up on the front shelf. In London Liverpool Street station, the London Evening Standard (free) is sold by many of the piled up on a stand, so the passers-by can take them easily.

Vending machines that sell newspapers have to show the front page as there would be many to choose from, and if the buyer types in the wrong number, they cant then change their minds. This is where the viewer would choose a paper either for its headline, or because they like that particular paper.

 

How newspapers are layed out doesnt really affect the amount sold, because usually the readers know what newspaper they are looking for. It is up to the seller of the newspaper to how they present the newspapes in the shop as they are the ones gaining the most profit from a newspaper selling.

The Distribution of Newspapers.

How do newspapers get from the printing factory, to newsagents  where they are then exibited and sold, to straight to the buyer?

For a newspaper to get to a newsagents it is often sent early in the morning straight to it via transport which was organised by the newspaper itself. A buyer will then buy it from that newsagents.

When newspapers are sold via postage, and the buyer gets the newspaper delivered to their home, it is the newsagents who organise it. The buyer would be buying the newspaper from the newsagents, not the newspapers office.

When newspapers are sold via vending machines, the newspapers are normally delivered and put in their by the newspaper itself. This is because the vending machine is firstly owned by the newspaper, and the people who want one in their business buy it off the newspaper.

Here is a video that somebody has made about our journey through newspaper production:

The Production of Newspapers.

I am really interested to research the ways that newspapers are created from a story, to the newsagents and then to us reading it. it does depend on how often a newspaper is issued, weekly, monthly, daily etc, but this research is based solely on daily newspapers (with the exeption of sunday) as they need to completed in the shortest time. Also i am planning for my newspaper to be daily.I did a lot of research into this and try to explain the reasons why things are done the way they are:


Production:

Workers who produce the newspapers usually work from monday to friday, so sunday and money editions largely depend on the content done in advance or content that is syndicated. Most daily papers are published in the morning - whether it is a morning, afternoon or evening paper.

Wikipedia mentions that there are four main stages of publishing a newspaper:

1. Editorial work
This is where the articles are selected for the particular newspaper and the healine is chosen. This headline is very important as it is likely to created more of an interest from a possible buyer.
2. Production/printing
This is where the papers are pysically printed either in black and white or colour, depending on the paper. If the newspaper offers stories online, web designers and web masters are employed to create them to look aestheically pleasing to the audience.
3. Circulation - selling the paper
This is the department of newspapers where retailers of the newspaper are contacted and where subscriptions of the paper are sold. This department also supervises distribution of the printed newspapers through the mail, by newspaper carriers, at retailers, and vending machines. Free newspapers do not sell subscriptions but they still have a circulation department responsible of distributing the newspapers.
4. Advertising
This department sell spaces of the newspaper to clients so they can advertise their buisness, they can also help their clients to design and plan their advertising campaigns. There would be no adverts in an advertising-free newspaper, so the paper is run by the profit made from sales alone. Free newspapers primarily are funded by adverts as people are more likely to pick up a free newspaper.
These four stages can be described in a variety of different names.

The editorial work is very complicated and there are a lot of employers involved. I have done a post and a powerpoint about people who work in the production of newspapers and the descriptions of their job.
Here is a website that talks about the machines used to produce newspapers. I just thought it was helpful because it shows the amount of stages that one newspaper goes through when being made:
http://people.howstuffworks.com/newspaper4.htm

Statistics and Audience Demographics of Existing Newspapers.

As i am making two pages of a local paper, i need to find the statistics of them and the demographics of their audiences. Doing this will give me an idea of what the 'competition' is if i was to really release my newspaper to be sold. I'm going to look at newspapers which are local in my area.


So here is some information i got from the newspaper's websites:

I had to sign up to this website in order to get extra information on their website. I then had to contact them via e-mail myself asking the demographics of their newspaper. It was quite a formal and informative letter. The statistics of their audience is not something they are likely to publish as they may not want people to know.




Here is a London Newspaper, which is local to London but is handed out free to passers by. As it is free, it may make their audiences bigger and wider, so the audience demographics and stats might not be completely helpful to me, but give me a general idea of what audiences read newspapers (even though i've done a questionnaire)'



To find out the audience information of this paper, i looked at this website -
http://www.nmauk.co.uk/nma/do/live/factsAndFigures?newspaperID=5 - which isn't official so may not give me a realistic idea. The print screen of the website, which declares the stats of the London Evening Standard is below. I know its not clear, but i get the general idea when looking at it, and also it can be seen on the website.

I am sure that i will find out a few more statistics on newspapers in the future and when i hopefully get an e-mail back from the Norwich Evening News.

How often are newspapers and articles released?

I wanted to see if there were certain days newspapers are put on sale and why at those particular times. It would be easy to say when they are released, weekly, daily etc, but i wanted to know the reasons for this. It is different to news being reported online than it is on paper.

If a article is reported online, it can more or less be uploaded as soon as the story is found out and the article written. However for paper, the story would have to go out the next day, depending on when the story is heard of.

When it comes to a weekly newspaper, stories have to wait that long for them to be told in the paper, unless that newspaper has a website which is updated regularly.

                                        

After a lot of research i found that most newspapers in the UK are daily, and then have a Sunday version with a similar name, eg, Mil on Sunday (Daily Mail), Daily Star Sunday (Daily Star) and The Sunday Times (The Times).

This website has links to nearly every national and regional paper in the UK:

http://www.thebigproject.co.uk/news/

Free Newspapers.

I wanted to do some research of free newspapers and how they are able to be free. Free newspapers are able to be free due to the advertisements inside. As people like free things, they are more likely to pick up the paper, therefore are more likely to see the advertisements inside.

The impact that free newspapers have on the environment is vast. As people have'nt paid for the papers, they therefore have a less concern or care for where they throw them away. Also, free newspapers are often daily.

In Liverpool Street Station in London, the free newspaper the Evening Standard is handed out daily, which is a good move for the paper as millions of people pass every week. People often want something to red while on the train, and something free is even better.

Free papers also have posters, and probably advertise on the radio. The more people are aware that it is free, the more people are likely to pick it up.

              

This week's Targets.

This little post is a list of the things i need to do this week:

• Plan and then do a questionnaire
• Do a few different copies of the questionnaire to reach the final one which should be the best.
• Interview different types and ages of people about newspapers in general, in order to get full answers.

How much to exaggerate a story?

I wanted to do some research on how much a story can be exaggerated in order to sell more newspapers. I know for a fact that a tabloids write about a lot of celebrities, they are more likely, and have more reason to exaggerate the real situations. But what does a broadsheet have to gain from exaggerating a local story?

I already know that whatever we read in the media, isn't fully true, it never has been. This is because it is more interesting to read, sells more papers and creates more of a stir around a certain story in order to sell even more newspapers.

Tabloid newspapers usually exaggerate a story because they hook in the kind of audiences that would like to read about something shocking. When writing about celebs, people that the public aspire to be like or like to read about stories are very often made much more dramatic than they actually are to cause stir round that certain celeb so more articles can be written about them. As readers, we do know that headlines and stories aren't always what they seem. I often ask myself: "how would they get that kind of information" when i see some private info about a celeb written in the paper. But after the phone-hacking scandal, my question seemed a little bit answered.

To put it bluntly, we are as some may say, lied to on a daily basis. However, in conversation with friends we may exaggerate a story to make it sound more exiting or dramatic than it actually is. It is something which we do ourselves but might not necessarily admit because it is looked down on - which is something i am going to do while researching how much newspapers exaggerate a story.

As i have researched, there aren't any really big laws or regulations that newspapers have to follow, so they can do pretty much what they like with a story, without being libel or writing slander - which i have seen slightly in newspapers nowadays.

I have found a few case studies to look at which could get me to the conclusion of how effective it is for newspapers to over exaggerate a story. I found these particular studies which searching online and then found a list from 2009 by the Telegraph newspaper of the top celebrity stories of that year. This is a very good page because it states a lot of different forms of controversy through one story. I have kept in mind that the Telegraph is a newspaper and they may have exaggerated:

Here is the page: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/6841016/Top-10-celebrity-stories-of-2009.html

Here are a few stories which caught my eye and that i definitely have an opinion on:

Micheal Jackson

He died in 2009 after an overdose which wasn't known at the time to be suicide, murder or man-slaughter. Throughout Jackson's life there have been some pretty bizarre stories written about him such as; who fathered his children, his plastic surgery and his own intentions. Because these are such strange stories, do people actually believe them? If they are so weird, we know they cont realistically be true, but because these are celebs we almost think that these crazy things could happen and we MUST read about it.

After Jackson died the crazy allegations of his life were still going about, and how he died is still in the papers today due to an on going investigation into how he was killed. Jackson was a mega-star and some peo0ple refused to even believe he was dead - showing that not everybody believes the papers, and prefer to believe something even more ridiculous! As Jackson was a mega-star it was a big deal, therefore a lot of people want to read ANY kind of story about him, selling newspapers very fast!

My opinion about this whole story is that everything in Micheal Jackson's life was blown wayy out of proportion, every story was ridiculous. I put this down to the idea that people believe that in the celebrity world, anything is possible.

Kanye West at the VMAs

I have to admit, i thought this was one of the best stories i heard about in 2009. It gave us as an audience an insight into the real Kanye West - a very rude and inconsiderate person - let alone an egomaniac.

At the VMAs, Kanye West took it to himself to jump on stage while Taylor Swift was receiving her first award for Best Female Video to say that Beyonce should have won this award. This was all happening while Taylor Swift was still standing on stage trying to present her thank-you speech. I didn't know until now reading that rumours of Kanye's death was going around in the papers - the papers clearly had no proof or evidence to support this showing that they can literally write anything untrue as somebody dying.

My opinion is that he made himself look very silly, and the newspapers used this to their own advantage, selling newspapers by the shed-load because of this story of a very well-known performer.

Certain stories can definitely get out of control, whether that is the story itself, the hype around it, conflicting views and because it isn't on the legal side to publish it. A story which didn't go down well with the law or the subject can put harm, not only the subject the article is about, but also the newspaper itself - shooting themselves in the foot.


Many celebrities have sued newspapers due to the content they have published about them - whether true or not. the celebs could blame the newspaper for harming their work and public image. However, the newspapers always seem to come out on top, they can publish stories about the celeb suing. Newspapers never learn from it and carry on to do what they did before, because being sued doesn't harm their income too much if a national newspaper.My Newspaper


I am not planning to take too much time on my newspaper stories because my task isn't to write the best article, it is to create a newspaper that somebody would like to read. I have seen that headlines are normally the most exaggerated part of an article because it hooks the reader and makes hem want to read the article.

Laws in the Newspaper Industry.

I wanted to go over some laws which are in action at the moment. These laws could have anything to do with the stories told, how the stories are found, the distribution and exibition. I have kept in mind that all is not what it seems in the newspaper, and even the media world.


I have looked online to see if i can find laws and i have found some useful websites:


http://www.newspapersoc.org.uk/media-law-and-advertising-copy - this gives a detailed but short explaination of certain areas on laws, mainly about advertising. This is useful to me as i would need to know because i am advertising my newspaper on the radio, advertising my newspaper's headline on a sandwich board poster and also advertising my newspaper's website inside my newspaper also. But i am not putting any companies adverts in my newspaper.

Laws and regulations in newspapers

While looking through various websites which gave me no information, i found that there are no strict or serious laws which newspapers must go by - showing that newspapers have the potential to be very powerful and unruley.

When i think about it, it does sort of make sense. Newspapers publish very private information including photos, meaning that privacy has nothing to do with laws that newspapers have to go by.

There werent any official documents which state the different laws that newspapers must follow, but i did find that it is illegal to publish anything which is libel or slander - meaning writing something nasty about someone - however i see this a lot in newspapers?!

Having this clearly very flexible law is only serious when it is actually published - therefore it is already out there for the publc to see and before the paper has been removed from sellers, it has been read by a multiple of people.

To try and find out more about the laws and reguations in the newspaper industry i submitted a question on Yahoo Answers to see if anyone could give me any information:

How will this effect me and my newspaper?

I wanted to find out about the laws they have to follow for my own personal interest, but also because i want to know what i can and cannot put in my paper. Knowing these laws will definatley control what i put in my newspaper.

I did find that there arent many laws and regulations which newspapers have o follow, which is clear with the type of content they publish.

Get Ahead OCR MEDIA.

I have been given a link from the Kett Media website which was set up by the board themselves to help kids like me 'get ahead'.

The Newspaper Industry: How moral is it?

I want to research how moral it is writing a story about somebody, whether they are a celebrity or not, talking paparazzi photos of somebody and how the stories are found. Not only do i want to discover if it is okay to write about somebody when they really don't want it written about them, but i also want to find out if the ways the stories are gotten is morally okay.

My overall opinion before research is that writing untrue stories about somebody and people being constantly hounded my paps (paparazzi) isn't a very nice thing to do. But who is to say these things don't benefit the person whatsoever?

There are many cases which spring to mind when thinking about the morals in the newspaper media, some with bad and good outcomes. Here are a few cases i have looked at in depth:

Rupert Murdoch, The News of the World and it's phone hacking scandal

This story/case was an international scandal and rock many a boat. Rupert Murdoch previously owned 'News corporation', which was a company which then owns 'News International'. News International publishes The Sun, The Times, The Sunday Times and previously News of the World.

This year, employees of the News of the World were accused of phone hacking and police bribery - all to get a story. Investigations in 2005-2007 found that the paper's phone hacking activities were limited just to the Royal family, celebrities and politicians. However, in July 2011 it was revealed that a murdered school girl Milly Dowler's phone was hacked into by a journalist when she was missing, making her family have hope that she was still alive. The phone hacker deleted important voicemails that the police may have needed to solve her case. It was also reported the newspaper hacked into deceased soldier's family's phones and the victims of the 7/7 bombings, causing a public outcry against News Corporation and Rupert Murdoch himself.

Big companies such as Ford Motor Company, Virgin Holidays and the Co-operative group have pulled out their advertisements from the News of the World due to the discovered phone hacking scandal. As the scandal was affecting most of the newspaper world, and causing accusation, enquiries and dislike of the newspaper, Rupert Murdoch took it to himself to anounce that the 10th of July issue will be the News of the Worlds last, after 168 years in print.

The scandal as a whole showed the world that journalists and papers would in some circumstances do anything for a story, and that privacy isn't that private.

                                                  

Paparazzi Photo

I have always been quite interested into who benefits the most out of a paparazzi photo of a celebrity or anyone in the public eye. The word 'papparazzi is Italian for 'photojournalist', which is exactly what they do. is it the newspapers who print the photo where the public will see it, the photographers who take the photo or the subject themselves?

The Celebrity

Not everybody who has their photo taken by the paps is necessarily a celebrity, but to make it more understandable lets say that everybody who has their photo taken by the paps is one. The bigger the celeb, the bigger the crowd of paps and fans, making just a walk in the street for the celebrity very difficult. so how does a celebrity benefit from having their photo taken? The idea that bad publicity is good publicity can definitely be applied. More publicity, the celebrity is more noticed and talked about, therefore more people will be interested in what projects they have on. A celebrity may also get free clothes as designers and clothes brands can 'advertise' their clothes on them. Many celebs have complained that the paparazzi never leaves them alone, sometimes leading to contracts. Due to the reputation of paparazzi as a nuisance, some states and countries (particularly within Europe) restrict their activities by passing laws and curfews, and by staging events in which paparazzi are specifically not allowed to take photographs.

The Paparazzi/Photographer

These can either work free lance, selling specific photos to the newspapers and magazines, or they can work for the newspapers and magazines taking photos specifically for them. Recently there has been a rise of photo agencies which are companies who employ photographers to take photos and the company then sells the rights of the photo to the newspapers and magazines. A photo can say a thousand words, therefore can be sold to up to millions of pounds - that is why paparazzi are so competitive to get an exclusive, first photo. Famously the first photo of Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt together was sold for reportedly millions. Recently, not only have cameras been used to take photos, they have also been used to film the celebs - because photos can be made from it, you can film the reactions of the celebrities, they can be shown on the television (creating more publicity and more people will see it) and also, the celebrity can speak and it will be recorded.


                                         

The Newspapers
A controversial first photo of a celebrity on the front of a newspaper can sell more of that issue, so, a newspaper would be willing to buy a photo for a lot of money. A photo can be a subject for a story, and also be something which a story can come from.


Here are a few videos of celebrities that have gotten angry at the paps - this is another reason why it benefits the paps to have a video camera (helps with legal reasons also):


<iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/bhQ2zk-HYWo" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen>iframe>

This one shows Helle berry getting understandably angry at the paps after they are taking photos of her child. There are MANY video cameras.

<iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/L65M61Ov4g0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen>iframe>



<iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/PGxV0QllcZE" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen>iframe>

The Newspaper Industry: How do stories work?

I have always been interested i how stories are found and then written about. Are the newspapers given the stories by the subjectees themselves? Do the journalists 'steal' stories? How much can be given for a story?


After some research there are many ways a journalist can get a story:

• From another newspaper. The journalist can take a headline from another newspaper and then further the points and create mre emphasis around it. However, this does mean that the newspaper that will run this story will be a day behind the original newspaper. If there is a big story going on at a certain time, and the journalist gets a front pag story, the newspaper is likely to sell multipple copies, no matter if that story was copied.
• A story can come from readers or publicists of celebrities who want journalists to tell their story. This means the journalist has full reign to develop this story as much as they want, if the journalist/newspaper has paid for a story to be told, they often have full ownership of the story so they can be the only paper to run it. Therefore making one certain newspaper the only place to read the story - huge interest in the paper.
• Gaining trust. A journalist may have to work years to gain trust of a particular individual or organisation. To gain this trust, they would have had to write about them before and not be too critical. The individual or organisation must have liked what they had written about them previously.
• Investigating. A journalist will have to be willing to go out and find a story themselves, so will have to delve deeply into something which could be written about. A journalist may go undercover and record a certain place or conversation (E.g Fergie and her 'money deal' was recorded by a journalist via film).
• From the internet. Journalists can use technology to research a story or ideas to write about. If the topic they are researching has already been written about it, it makes their jobs easier as half of the work ha been done for them.
• Press conferences. This is mainly from people who want their story written about and a story which is 'big news' and has been i the newspapers a lot recently. A press conference may be cet up so people can have their say and it also lets a variety of people get involved and give their views. Multiple newspapers will be there however, so the newspaper who runs the story may not be the only one. The conference will probably be filmed, therefore a more reliable, first hand source for the people watching it. It also gives television a chance to report the story.

After the journalist has made notes from the sources, they write up the article and then they take it to the editor who decides when and where the article will be put in the newspaper, if it is put in there at all.
I found this video on YouTube which is of a man who describes 'the cycle of publishing' and how journalists stick to that:

The Newspaper Industry: Who does what?

In this post, i wanted to find out whose role is what in the three main stages of making a newspaper (production, distribution and exhibition) and to see what their roles involve. I have made a PowerPoint and then uploaded it to SlideShare, which has been split in the three main stages:

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This is a very straight forward presentation, as i wanted the definition of each role. However, i didn't define which role is in which process - production, distribution and exhibition. I do think it is very clear and i do know myself what roles go where. I have to be these roles all at one time.

Tabloid or Broadsheet.

There are many different things which define both of them. They are quite different, not only in the way they are written but also the way they look and atrract their audience. I have defined which is which and why on a table which i have written. There are also some examples of existing newspapers.

Some newspapers break the rules. This could be to fit the type of newspaper they want to be and what audience they may want to attract. Such newspapers like 'The Mail', 'The Independent' arent the traditional size and like to mix educated with celebrity gossip - they change with the changing times - more people are now educated and we are surrounded by the celebrity world. The more of a variety of stories, the more the variety of the audience - therefore more sales.

My Newspaper

I am finding it hard to decide what type of newspaper i want to make - tabloid or broadsheet? I know that i will have to do some more work on my questionnaires and research of audiences in order to know if 'educated' people are really that interested in celebs or formal writing. It seems as if without thinking about it, educated people would want formal, intellegent newspapers, however im not sure that this is the case - i need to be sure! At the end of all of this research i will finalize what features of my newspaper will have in order to attract my target audience. I have to achieve everything which will attract my target audience.